Research and Publication Ethics (RPE)
- Philosophy and Ethics
- Branches of Philosophy
- Ethics
- Philosophical Orientation to Ethics
- The Singapore Statement on Research Integrity
- Research Ethics – Ethical Principles
- Understanding Plagiarism
- What is not Plagiarism?
- Different Types of Plagiarism
- Plagiarism Detection Software
- Publication Misconduct and Publication Ethics
What is not Plagiarism?
Plagiarism can be of words, ideas, structures, authorship and self-work without acknowledgement. On the other hand, everything does not cover under plagiarism. Like:
- Common Knowledge like paraphrased ideas doesn’t need to be cited. Such as: Mr. Narendra Modi is our prime minister.
- General information that most people know, such as: water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit.
- Information shared by a cultural group, such as the dates of national holidays or names of famous heroes.
- Knowledge shared by members of a certain field, such as the fact that the necessary condition for diffraction of radiation of wavelength λ from a crystalline solid is given by Bragg’s law.
What is not considered plagiarism involves several key elements:
- Original Work: Creating work that is entirely your own idea, expressed in your own words.
- Proper Citation: Appropriately acknowledging the sources of information, ideas, or text that you have incorporated into your work.
- Common Knowledge: Facts or information that are widely known and not attributed to a single source do not require citation.
- Personal Experience: Drawing on your own personal experiences, thoughts, or insights in your work.
- Collaboration Permitted: Working with others on a project where collaboration is allowed and appropriately disclosed if required.
- Paraphrasing with Attribution: Rewriting information from sources in your own words and citing the source.
- Using Licensed or Public Domain Material: Appropriately using material that is in the public domain, or for which you have a license that allows incorporation into your work.
Understanding what is not plagiarism is crucial for maintaining academic integrity and respecting intellectual property rights.