Question 1: Which of the following should not be a criterion for a good research project?
A) Demonstrates the abilities of the researcher
B) Is dependent on the completion of other projects
C) Demonstrates the integration of different fields of knowledge
D) Develops the skills of the researcher

Answer: B) Is dependent on the completion of other projects

Question 2: Which form of reasoning is the process of drawing a specific conclusion from a set of premises?
A) Objective reasoning
B) Positivistic reasoning
C) Inductive reasoning
D) Deductive reasoning

Answer: D) Deductive reasoning

Question 3: Research that seeks to examine the findings of a study by using the same design but a different sample is which of the following?
A) An exploratory study
B) A replication study
C) An empirical study
D) Hypothesis testing

Answer: B) A replication study

Question 4: A researcher designs an experiment to test how variables interact to influence job-seeking behaviours. The main purpose of the study was:
A) Description
B) Prediction
C) Exploration
D) Explanation

Answer: D) Explanation

Question 5: Cyberbullying at work is a growing threat to employee job satisfaction. Researchers want to find out why people do this and how they feel about it. The primary purpose of the study is:
A) Description
B) Prediction
C) Exploration
D) Explanation

Answer: C) Exploration

Question 6: A theory:
A) Is an accumulated body of knowledge
B) Includes inconsequential ideas
C) Is independent of research methodology
D) Should be viewed uncritically

Answer: A) Is an accumulated body of knowledge

Question 7: Which research method is a bottom-up approach to research?
A) Deductive method
B) Explanatory method
C) Inductive method
D) Exploratory method

Answer: C) Inductive method

Question 8: How much confidence should you place in a single research study?
A) You should trust research findings after different researchers have replicated the findings
B) You should completely trust a single research study
C) Neither a nor b
D) Both a and b

Answer: A) You should trust research findings after different researchers have replicated the findings

Question 9: A qualitative research problem statement:
A) Specifies the research methods to be utilized
B) Specifies a research hypothesis
C) Expresses a relationship between variables
D) Conveys a sense of emerging design

Answer: D) Conveys a sense of emerging design

Question 10: Which of the following is a good research question?
A) To produce a report on student job searching behaviours
B) To identify the relationship between self-efficacy and student job searching behaviours
C) Students with higher levels of self-efficacy will demonstrate more active job searching behaviours
D) Do students with high levels of self-efficacy demonstrate more active job searching behaviours?

Answer: D) Do students with high levels of self-efficacy demonstrate more active job searching behaviours?

Question 11: A review of the literature prior to formulating research questions allows the researcher to:
A) Provide an up-to-date understanding of the subject, its significance, and structure
B) Guide the development of research questions
C) Present the kinds of research methodologies used in previous studies
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

Question 12: Sometimes a comprehensive review of the literature prior to data collection is not recommended by:
A) Ethnomethodology
B) Grounded theory
C) Symbolic interactionism
D) Feminist theory

Answer: B) Grounded theory

Question 13: The feasibility of a research study should be considered in light of:
A) Cost and time required to conduct the study
B) Access to gatekeepers and respondents
C) Potential ethical concerns
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

Question 14: Research that uses qualitative methods for one phase and quantitative methods for the next phase is known as:
A) Action research
B) Mixed-method research
C) Quantitative research
D) Pragmatic research

Answer: B) Mixed-method research

Question 15: Research hypotheses are:
A) Formulated prior to a review of the literature
B) Statements of predicted relationships between variables
C) B but not A
D) Both A and B

Answer: C) B but not A

Question 16: Which research approach is based on the epistemological viewpoint of pragmatism?
A) Quantitative research
B) Qualitative research
C) Mixed-methods research
D) All of the above

Answer: C) Mixed-methods research

Question 17: Adopting ethical principles in research means:
A) Avoiding harm to participants
B) The researcher is anonymous
C) Deception is only used when necessary
D) Selected informants give their consent

Answer: A) Avoiding harm to participants

Question 18: A radical perspective on ethics suggests that:
A) Researchers can do anything they want
B) The use of checklists of ethical actions is essential
C) The powers of Institutional Review Boards should be strengthened
D) Ethics should be based on self-reflexivity

Answer: D) Ethics should be based on self-reflexivity

Question 19: Ethical problems can arise when researching the Internet because:
A) Everyone has access to digital media
B) Respondents may fake their identities
C) Researchers may fake their identities
D) Internet research has to be covert

Answer: B) Respondents may fake their identities

Question 20: The Kappa statistic:
A) Is a measure of inter-judge validity
B) Compares the level of agreement between two judges against what might have been predicted by chance
C) Ranges from 0 to +1
D) Is acceptable above a score of 0.5

Answer: B) Compares the level of agreement between two judges against what might have been predicted by chance